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Newsletter: Spring 2005 |
Editor: Donald Robinson |
On Line Volume III |
On Line Issue 8 (c) 2005 |
Doodle Bugs
By Don Robinson
Have you ever seen a patch of funnel shaped indentations in dry earth? Perhaps you've seen them under your cabin or awning, or along some dry sandy flat area? They don't look very extraordinary, are about as big as a quarter and some might think the conical shaped 'holes' are caused by dripping water. They may be, but they may also be the traps set by ant lions, also called doodle bugs.
Ant lions or myrmeleontidae form a family of about 2000 different species worldwide, although only 100 or so inhabit North America, mostly in dry areas of the Southwest and Mexico, but there is at least one species along the Cacapon River.
My first experience with ant lions was near Franklin WV where my parents had a camp when I was a child. There were a few caves across Thorn Creek Road from the camp, and the perpetually dry soil in front of the caves always had those conical holes. My dad used to take a piece of straw and skim it around the top of the holes while incanting 'doodle-up, doodle-up' and on rare occasions would fool the ant lion into biting the straw, and pull him up for us to see. The ant lions lying in ambush at the bottom of the funnel shaped holes are the larva. They are small (body about as big as a fingernail) but fierce looking insects that set these traps for ants, digging out the funnels and dining on those who wander into the holes. The loose soil gives way, falling to the bottom of the hole, alerting the tiny monster and the poor ant continues to slide deeper into the pit. Eventually, a few thumps in the sand and the ant is captured in the long pincer-like mouth.
To give you an idea of what they look like, the ant lion was the model for the creature put into Ensign Checkov's ear in the Star Trek II movie 'The Wrath of Khan'.
I see them in many places near the river, as there are lots of decks, raised cabins, porches, awnings and such creating dry patches of loose sandy soil where these denizens of the dirt live. I have had more luck enticing them out to show my kids by putting live ants in the holes than my dad did with his straw, and I haven't yet needed to give the incantation. I suppose that wasn't the important part, but it kept my attention.
The adult stage of this insect is gracefully long and slender, much resembling a damsel fly or small dragon fly. Like the damsel fly, they are not very skilled fliers, and usually active mostly in the evening. They have four wings and the body is about one and a half inches long with a wing span to around three inches. If you look closely, the compound eyes of the adult are amazingly multi-colored and brilliant. Mating occurs when a female hangs from a twig then the male attaches his genitalia to the female's and hangs suspended by the genitalia for a few hours. Don't try this at home! The female lays her 20 or so eggs in sandy dry earth and will return to her tree to mate again. The adult lives about three weeks.
They are called doodle bugs because they can sometimes draw elaborate doodles in their dry dirt habitat while looking for a suitable place to make their trap. When such is found, they usually spiral to open up the conical pit. The larva may live for up to three years, and form a cocoon from which the adult emerges in about a month.
Throughout the northern top of the planet, spring brings a shuddering and renovation of life, a quiver from the unfolding wings of the dragonfly that stretch and harden in the sun, and then carry its long needle body into the sky. The earth oozes with new spawning life---the rivers and ponds shimmer gelatinous with the egg masses of frogs and salamanders, the wetlands with the eggs of turtles and snakes, of red-winged blackbirds and mallard ducks. Along the ground hurry the smaller mammals---wood mice, field mice, moles and voles. From within the earth, the earthworms turn and twist their glistening bodies through the softening damp soil, eating their length of soil every day, breaking up the heavy clods of clay, letting in the air and life. Groundhogs shoulder up from their burrows within the earth; badgers grumble at the light, ground squirrels scurry, otters slip their sleek bodies into newly running streams---all rising and shaking off their long slumber of winter, their body juices flowing rapidly again with hunger and with the renewed rush of life to mate, to procreate in the warming soil, bedded down in the still brown leaves of autumn, fusing sperm with egg in an instant of ecstatic miracle that passes along ages of ancestral genes. In the newly brightening spring sky, the small trickle of feathers starts slowly, as singly or in small groups the birds leap into the air and head north. Hardly before the first snowdrop has melted in the north lands, the plover is already on his way from South America to the north tundra. Other long-distance flyers followthe nimble-footed sandpipers and pipits moving up the sandy coasts, the herons and cranes wading in the wetlands, and the weather migrants, the finches, warblers, buntings, red-winged blackbirds, cowbirds are joining the resident chickadees and tit-mice inland in foraging for food, snacking on last year's rosehips hanging from the bushes, or on pill bugs and drowsy flies and spiders that slowly are rousing themselves from winter slumber.
Then the air-borne flood swells, pouring out from the south like golden notes
from a trumpet, filling our gardens, our fields with their lyrical songs in
an exulting tumbling madness that casts one's heart skyward with the sound and
motion of these winged songsters, darting, singing, spilling through the still
bare branches, one in pursuit of another, bickering, cooing, squawking, peeping,
in a passion of life and motion that seems quite mad. As more insects start
to fill the air, waves of insectivores pursue
them---fly catchers, wrens, phoebes, and pewees, with narrow bills picking insects,
larvae, and spiders from small cracks in trees. Then come the swallows---barn
swallows, purple martins, scooping up mouthfuls of dancing gnats over the
ponds and fields.
On rush the tides of birds, warblers, orioles, sweeping up from the south in a swelling chattering swarm, filling the meadows and hedges with light, color, sound, and motion that enhance the riot of spring. . Farther into the wilderness, out from the caves come the fox kits and coyote pups, the s puma kittens and grizzly bear cubs; out from the underbrush come the cautious deer and elk fawns. Along the West Coast, the grey whales slip their tonnage through the salty seas toward their icy breeding grounds of the Bering Sea.
This cornucopia of creatures, incredibly diverse in shape and size, beauty and
threat, texture and temperament, sounds and signals attest to the continuous
exuberant outpouring of life.
Spring 2005 FCR President's Letter
Ron Wilson, President
Dear Friends of the Cacapon River,
The Spring Peepers are already making noises along the river and Ive even
heard a few Eastern Chorus frogs. The FCR Board is starting to get active also
and make our own river noises . We are still trying to finish the stream restoration
project near Morgan Woods that we started a number of years ago, The river and
the deer have not been too helpful. We will be planting more trees and bushes
and putting down more matting and grass seed to stabilize the bank. We would
appreciate any volunteers who can help with this project on Sunday April 24
at 10 am. (Directions: End of Cann's Neck Lane off Rt.9 about 1 1/2 + miles
south of Fisher's Bridge, just north of the crest of the hill. If from the south
and you come to Morgan Woods sign on the left, you have gone too far or phone
304-947-7407) We are planning to develop a experimental raparian/wetland restoration
area near this site in collaboration with the Cacapon Institute, which already
has two such sites, and the Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, which
has been assisting us in the earlier project.
We are now putting together a list of river front property owners in Hampshire
County as far upstream as Rt. 127 so that we can mail our award winning homeowners
Packet to them. When the list is finished we will definitely need help from
volunteers to stuff and stamp envelopes.
Many people have commented that they miss our fine hard copy newsletter that
used to be published by out past president Abby Chapple (who now does
the newsletter for the West Virginia Rivers Coalition). If anyone out there
is interested to working on a hard copy version of our newsletter, please let
me know.
Last month Barbara Tufty and I met with Neil Gillies, the director of the Cacapon
Institute, to discuss river related issues that we could work on together. In
addition to the experimental reparian site mentioned above, we plan to assist
them in updating the comprehensive river survey they did about 15 years ago.
The problem of sedimentation in the river is one that concerns everybody, but
is one that is very complex and not easy to address, but we are going to work
with Neil on this. The sedimentation comes from many sources, collapsing (slumping)
streambanks, logging activities, road run-off, construction, agricultural run-off,
human activities near streambanks, and many other sources. While we may not
be able to have an immediate major impact on a single source we can learn to
better understand this complex problem and help educate people about possible
solutions.
On April 19 Don Robinson and I attended the 1st Potomac River Summit that included
about 50 people from many watershed organizations and federal and state agencies.
It was mainly an opportunity to learn about what other groups are doing to address
the many problems in the Potomac River Basin. One of the things we learned is
the WV Dept of Agriculture, a major player in water quality issues in the state,
will be conducting monthly chemical monitoring of Cacapon River near its mouth.
This is an effort to collect monitoring data as a part of the major multi-state
program to clean up the Chesapeake Bay. This will be much more comprehensive
than anything we thought we might be able to do in the future.
We are looking into the construction of new dams on some of the tributaries
of the Cacapon and Lost River to determine IF it is an issue that we should
be concerned about. We are also aware of the condition of the old Power House
dam on the Cacapon near Great Cacapon, but we have not taken a position on the
future of that structure.
We will continue to monitor the spread of hydrilla in the river. Anyone who
sees this plant, please let us know. Last year it was not that wide spread,
we think in part because the higher levels of sediment in the water prevented
rapid growth. Check elsewhere in our website for pictures or drawings of this
plant.
We are pleased to give an award to Don Robinson, FCR Board member, as our volunteer
of the year. Don is our webmaster of our website and editor of our quarterly
online CACAPON CURRENTS newsletter. The Award will be presented April 23 at
the organ CountyVolunteeer brunch at the South Morgan County Fire Hall.
In closing, we hope that more of you will become active this year. We have
created an E-mail list of those who have indicated such, but would like to see
many more people on the list. If you can only be reached by phone, we can do
that too. Just contact us. And if you haven't paid your membership dues for
2005, this is just a reminder.
Lets hope for a clear and relatively stable river this summer!
FCR Urges Funding of Resource Conservation Program FCR
By Barbara Tufty